Trigger Order of Execution In Apex
In Salesforce there is a particular order in which events execute whenever a record is changed or inserted. Following are the steps of trigger execution:
Step 1: Load the original record or initialize on insert.
Step 2: Override the old record values with the new values.
Step 3: Execute all before triggers.
Step 4: Run the system & user-defined validation rules.
Step 5: Save the record but do not commit the record to the database.
Step 6: Execute all after triggers.
Step 7: Execute the assignment rules.
Step 8: Execute the auto-response rules.
Step 9: Execute the workflow rules.
Step 10: If there are workflow field updates then execute the field update.
Step 11: If the record was updated with a workflow field update then execute before and after triggers created on the object in the context again but only once.
Step 12: Execute the processes and flows on that record.
Step 13: Execute the escalation rules.
Step 14: Update the roll-up summary fields & cross-object formula fields.
Step 15: Repeat the same process with the affected parent or grand-parent records.
Step 16: Evaluate criteria-based sharing rules.
Step 17: Commit all DML operations to the database.
Step 18: Execute post commit logic such as sending emails.
